Of the following choices, what does Jesus’ statement, "You have heard that it was said, ‘Eye for eye, and tooth for tooth,’" in Source 3 most likely suggest?
Jesus had read every word of Hammurabi’s Code.
Hammurabi was an avid reader of the Bible, even going so far as to plagiarize some of Jesus’ ideas and include them in his Code.
While Jesus thought his ideas were original, most of his suggestions for improving society had already been written down in Hammurabi’s Code.
Even though Jesus ultimately rejected them, the ideas expressed in Hammurabi’s Code were extremely influential in shaping the way future ancient people living in the modern-day Middle East thought about morality and justice.
Which of the following statements is best supported by the excerpt of Jan Hus’ letter to Pope John XXIII reproduced in Source 4 and the painting reproduced in Source 5?
While criticism of it ramped up as the Middle Ages came to an end, the Catholic Church still maintained a great deal of authority over the people of Europe.
While criticism of it died down as the Middle Ages came to an end, the Catholic Church still lost almost all of its authority over the people of Europe.
While criticism of it ramped up as the Middle Ages began, the Catholic Church still could and did sentence many people—including kings and queens—to death for heresy.
While criticism of it died down as the Middle Ages began, the Catholic Church never had much authority over the people of Europe.
Emperor Wu’s greatest achievement, the __ led to Chinese ideas, goods, and religion moving west even as far as Europe.
construction of the Great Wall of China
crafting of terracotta soldiers
development of the Silk Road
promotion of Legalism
Edfu and Memphis were cities built on the banks of the __ River in—
Nile; Egypt.
Yellow; China.
Tigris; Mesopotamia.
Indus; the Indus River Valley Civilization.
. In the excerpt from Shakespeare’s Hamlet reproduced in Source 6, Polonius tells Laertes that honesty with and faithfulness to oneself is the most important quality someone can develop. This most reflects Shakespeare’s commitment to—
individualism.
secularism.
skepticism.
classicism.
Of the following choices, the images reproduced in Sources 3-5 most clearly suggest that—
the transition to civilization occurred gradually, and different characteristics of civilization developed at different times in different places.
while most historians and archaeologists consider Mesopotamia the world’s first civilization, civilizations most likely popped up in the Catalhoyuk and the modern-day Czech Republic well before humans settled in Mesopotamia.
while most historians and archaeologists contend that some prehistoric settlements had at least one characteristic of civilization, there is really no evidence to support this claim.
the transition to civilization occurred immediately, and all the characteristics of civilization appeared everywhere all at once.
Examine Source 4. Mencius believed that the best way to protect China was for—
the government to immediately construct a massive wall.
individuals to fulfill what he called "the four beginnings."
peasants to reject Legalism in favor of Taoism.
future emperors to construct more clay soldiers like the Terracotta Warriors.
Rome, both during the days of the Republic and the Empire, conquered a massive amount of territory. Which of the following statements best explains its economic motivation for doing so?
Since the farmland in and around Rome was only suitable for growing staple crops, Romans wanted access to farmland suitable for growing grapes with which they could make wine.
Romans needed new markets to which they could export their surplus of staple crops like wheat and corn.
Romans wanted access to foreign forms of money since the coins Rome’s government produced were practically worthless.
Romans wanted access to new markets so they could both trade with and tax the people living in them.
Which of the following are features of the Roman Republic that helped lay the foundation for today’s United States government? Select three correct answers.
representative government, as exemplified by the Senate
written-down laws, as exemplified by the Twelve Tables
mercenary armies, as exemplified by the legions that fought Hannibal Barca
judges, as exemplified by the Praetors
all-inclusive democracy, as exemplified by the popular elections held every year to determine who the two consuls would be
